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Упражнение 1.
Раскрывая скобки, напишите каждое предложение три раза, образуя условные предложения I, II и III типов.
If you (to be) free, I (to come) to see you.
If I (to see) her, I (to be) glad.
1. If my friend (to come) to see me, I (to be) very glad.
2. If mother (to buy) a cake, we (to have) a very nice tea party.
3. If we (to receive) a telegram from him, we (not to worry).
4. If you (not to work) systematically, you (to fail) the examination.
5. If you (to be) busy, I (to leave) you alone.
6. If I (to live) in Moscow, I (to visit) the Tretyakov Gallery every year.
7. If I (to get) a ticket, I (to go) to the Philharmonic.
8. If I (to live) near a wood, I (to gather) a lot of mushrooms.
9. If my father (to return) early, we (to watch) TV together.
10. If she (to know) English, she (to try) to enter the university.
Ответы:
1. If my friend comes to see me, I shall be very glad.
2. If my friend came to see me, I should be very glad.
3. If my friend had come to see me, I should have been very glad.
1. If mother buys a cake, we shall have a very nice tea party.
2. If mother bought a cake, we should have a very nice tea party.
3. If mother had bought a cake, we should have had a very nice tea party.
1. If we receive a telegram from him, we shall not worry.
2. If we received a telegram from him, we should not worry.
3. If we had received a telegram from him, we should not have worried.
1. If you don’t work systematically, you will fail the examination.
2. If you did not work systematically, you would fail at the examination.
3. If you had not worked systematically, you would have failed at the examination.
1. If you are busy, I shall leave you alone.
2. If von were busy, I should leave you alone.
3. If you had been busy, I should have left you alone.
1. If I live in Moscow, I shall visit the Tretyakov Gallery every year.
2. If I lived in Moscow, I should visit the Tretyakov Gallery every year.
3. If I had lived in Moscow, I should have visited the Tretyakov Gallery every year.
1. If I get a ticket, I shall go to the Philharmonic.
2. If I got a ticket, I should go to the Philharmonic.
3. If I had got a ticket, I should have gone to the Philharmonic.
1. If I live near a wood, I shall gather a lot of mushrooms.
2. If I lived near a wood, I should gather a lot or mushrooms.
3. If I had lived near a wood, I should have gathered a lot of mushrooms.
1. If my father returns early, we shall watch TV together.
2. If my father returned early, we should watch TV together.
3. If my father had returned early, we should have watched TV together.
1. If she knows English, she will try to enter the university.
2. If she knew English, she would try to enter the university.
3. If she had known English, she would have tried to enter the university.
Сослагательное наклонение – subjunctive mood – в английском языке может выражать
Сослагательное наклонение это всегда возможность, желание, сомнение или предположение.
На русский язык subjunctive mood чаще всего переводится глаголом в прошедшем времени с частицей БЫ.
Сегодня выполним несколько упражнений на отработку Subjunctive Mood in the conditional clauses.
Инфографика для повторения Real and Unreal Conditions
Вероятно, Вас также могут заинтересовать следующие материалы:
Затонская Анастасия Станиславовна, педагог дополнительного образования Дворца творчества детей и молодежи г. Ростова-на-Дону, кандидат филологических наук.
Данный урок построен на лексике по теме “Health”.
Grammar: Clauses of real and unreal condition referring to the present/future and past; the Subjunctive Mood in the conditional clauses.
Lexical topic: Health.
Exercise 1 . Complete the sentences. Here we have only real conditions.
Exercise 2 . Open the brackets where necessary and complete the sentences.
Exercise 3. Open the brackets where necessary and complete the sentences. Here we have unreal conditions and pretty much of Mixed Condidionals.
Exercise 4 . Translate into English
Exercise 5. Your friend faces a choice of what medical specialization to get. Give him/her some advice pointing out advantages and disadvantages of each specialization.
Use the pattern: “If you become … you will … “ “Should you become … , you will …”
Exercise 6 . Persuade your friend to follow the doctor’s advice when it’s not to late.
Exercise 7 . Discourage your friend who didn’t follow the doctor’s instructions.
Exercise 8 . Invent a chain story according to the pattern:
“If I don’t put on warm clothes on a cold day I will catch a cold. If I catch a cold I won’t go to school. If I don’t go to school…”
Make three variant of a story as concerned the time of the action.
Exercise 9 . Describe some medical case or disease taking into accounts all the possibilities of its development.
Надеюсь, Вам понравились эти упражнения на Subjunctive mood.
TEST
Conditionals
I. Fill in the table, using the examples Заполните таблицу , пользуясь примерами
1. If he arrives, he will hear the news.
1. If he arrived, he would hear the news.
1. If he had arrived, he would have heard the news.
2. I"ll do it if I have the time.
2. I would have done it if I had had the time.
3.If I see her, I"ll tell her thisstory.
3.If I saw her , I would tell her the story.
4.If it were fine tomorrow, we would go for a picnic
4.If it had been fine yesterday, we would have been gone for a picnic.
5. If you work on Sunday, I will pay you well
5. If you had worked on Sunday, I would have paid you well.
6. If I finish the work this week, I will go on vacation.
6. If I finished the work this week, I would go on vacation.
7. If it rained next week I would plant the vegetables.
7. If it had rained last week, I would have planted the vegetables.
II . Напишите предложение, образуя условные предложения I, II, III типов
If she (to know) , she (to try) to enter the institute.
III . Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в требующейся форме.
1. If he is not very busy , he (to agree) to go to the museum with us .
2. If only I (to have) more pocket money , I could buy some new computer games
3. If his friend (to be) in the mood to see a film , they would have gone to the
cinema last night .
4. You would have understood the rule if you (not to miss) the teacher’s explanation.
5. If she reads fifty pages every day , his vocabulary (to increase) greatly .
6. Your brother (to become) much stronger if he took cold baths regularly.
IV . Допишите предложения.
1. If I fall ill ______
2. If she were a cook _____
3. If he had had time _____
4. If we lived in Moscow ______
5. If my father had returned early ____
6. If I had heard about it yesterday _____
V. Translate the sentences. Переведите предложения .
1.I wish you read more in future.
2. I wish I didn’t get up early .
3. I wish you had gone to disco with me yesterday .
4. I wish I had written the test better last lesson .
5. Жаль,что я не живу в Лондоне.
6. Как бы мне хотелось чтобы он позвонил мне вечером.
7. Мне хотелось бы,чтобы я поехала на море прошлым летом.
8. Жаль, что я съела много мороженого.
VI. Underline the right options .
Если
у
меня
будет
время
,
то
я
приду
сегодня
.
a) will have b) have c) would come d) will come
2.
Если
бы
у меня
было
время, я
пришел бы
сегодня (мечтатель).
3. Если
бы
у меня
было
время, я
пришел бы
вчера (поезд ушел).
a) had b) had had c) would come d) would have come.
4. Если
бы
я
знал
английский язык, то
перевел бы
текст сам (мечтатель).
a) knew b) has know c) would translate d) would have translated.
5. Если
бы
я тогда
знал
английский язык, то
перевел бы
текст сам (поезд ушел).
a) knew b) had known c) would translate d) would have translated.
6) Если
бы
он
жил
в большом городе, то
не пропускал бы
выставок живописи (мечтатель).
a) live b) lived c) wouldn"t miss d) wouldn"t have missed.
7) Если я
поеду
в Вашингтон, то
посещу
Капитолий.
a) will go, b) go c) visit, d) will visit
8) Если
бы
я
была
в Вашингтоне, то
посетила бы
Капитолий (мечтатель).
a) were b) was c) will visit d) would visit
9) Если
бы
у меня
было
свободное время сегодня или завтра, я
сделала бы
эту работу сама (мечтатель).
a) have b) had c) would have done d) would do
Считается, что предложения с частицей бы,
являются сослагательными
и относятся к нереальным или маловероятным условиям.
Они выражают:
Ниже рассмотрим два вида предложений:
Сначала рассмотрим маловероятные условия, относящиеся к настоящему или будущему времени.
Это условные предложения второго типа или Second Conditional.
ПРИМЕР. Я пошел бы гулять, если была бы хорошая погода.
Это предложение относится к настоящему или будущему времен (можно подставить слова – сегодня, завтра). В момент речи оно нереально, но при определенных условиях еще может совершиться. Например, погода измениться к вечеру.
ПРИМЕР. If the weather were good, I would go for a walk.
Вместо would можно употреблять could, should, might (по смыслу).
СОВЕТ. Выучите небольшой диалог, чтобы запомнить какие формы глагола, употребляются в Second Conditional .
— What would you do if you had a boat?
— I would sail in it, of course.
— Where would you sail?
— I would sail across the Atlantic if my boat were big enough.
— What would you do if your parents didn’t let you sail?
— I would run away from home, I suppose.
Чтобы ты делал, если бы у тебя была лодка?
-Я бы в ней поплыл.
-Куда бы ты поплыл?
-Если бы моя лодка была большая, я бы поплыл через Атлантический океан.
-Но чтобы ты сделал, если бы твои родители не разрешили тебе плыть?
-Полагаю, я бы убежал из дому.
Запомните выражение If I were you, I would … — На твоем месте я бы …
Это вся теория. Теперь выполните упражнения на Second Conditional.
Упражнение 1 . Переведите с английского.
Упражнение 2. Скажите, что упоминаемое действие было бы выполнено, если бы было выполнено условие.
Example. If I have time, I will do it. – If I had time, I would do it.
Упражнение 3. Раскройте скобки, используя сослагательное наклонение (второе условие)
* * *
Теперь рассмотрим невероятные (невыполнимые) условия, относящиеся к прошедшему времени.
Это условные предложения третьего типа или Third Conditional
ПРИМЕР. Если бы вчера была хорошая погода, я пошел бы гулять.
Предложение относится к прошлому и поэтому является невыполнимым (невероятным) условием. Действие уже не может совершиться – возможность упущена.
Упражнение 1 . Переведите с английского.
Упражнение 2. Скажите, что если бы упоминаемое условие было бы выполнено вчера , то действие было выполнено.
Example. If I had time, I would do it. – If I had had time yesterday (last year), I would have done it.
Упражнение 3. Раскройте скобки, используя сослагательное наклонение (третье условие)
На этом еще не все! Конечно, это не все упражнения на сослагательное наклонение . Перейдя по ссылке, вы найдете еще для отработки и закрепления темы «Сослагательное наклонение».